There have been many advances in the medical technology used to fight heart disease in recent decades, but few of them are as important as the advances made in the non-invasive diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. Much of the work of heart disease diagnosis is now...
As a cardiology doctor in Phoenix, Dr. Makki uses many tests to diagnose potential cardiovascular problems. He may, for example, use an electrocardiogram (ECG) to look for evidence of arrhythmia (abnormal heart rhythms). He may also use ultrasound to directly...
Blocked arteries – more commonly known as atherosclerosis or Coronary Artery Disease (CAD) – is the #1 cause of death in the United States. CAD affects more than 16 million Americans, and places them at increased risk of heart attack and stroke. How do arteries become...
Peripheral Arterial Disease (PAD), sometimes referred to as “hardening of the arteries,” is a common circulatory problem in which arteries narrowed by the buildup of arterial plaque reduce blood flow to your extremities. Although PAD can affect your arms,...
Angina, or angina pectoris (Latin for squeezing of the chest) is a type of chest pain, discomfort, or tightness that occurs when an area of the heart muscle is receiving too little oxygen. Angina is not considered a disease in itself – more of a symptom of coronary...
